Building Information Modeling-on BIM,I proposed that:个表述系统。在一个项目的生命周Building Information Modeling is a system of期过程中，它保持着多维的.数据representation that maintains multi-dimensionai.丰富的“视图”：用来支持沟通data-rich "views"throughout a project lifecycle(数据共享)，协调（运用共享的to support communication (sharing data);数据)·模拟（应用数据来预测）coordination (acting on shared data):simulation和优化（应用反馈来改进设计、文(using data for prediction):and optimization (using件和成果)。网feedback to improve design,documentation and为此.我还强调了以下观点：delivery)..网BIM是一个业务流程，不是一个软To add to this definition,I emphasized my件。成功的设行业的业务程序已view that:经把BM实践当作过程。因此.通BIM is a business process.not a software过软件来表达该过程且使之自动program.Successful AECO businesses already化，将使一切随之而改变。practice BIM as a process.Everything an AECO我的定义与2005年那次会fimm does is geared to its existing (BIM)process.议的其他演讲者的定义大不相同Therefore,automating and externalizing that(直到现在还是不同的)，他们process via software will change everything.的定义来自软件商、学者，设计My definition differed (and still differs)greatly师和筑商的混合体。他们的本from those of other presenters at that 2005性和共同利益使得他们愿意看到conference,which comprised a mix of softwareBM被视作软件。我目前的观点还vendors,scholars,AEs and builders,all with a代表了自从我在2002年“莱瑟林natural,mutual interest in seeing BIM as software来信”中，第一次提出BM的想法My current view also represents an evolution from季今的演变过程行网门Zmy first published thoughts about BIM in The那时候我也掉入了把BM“当LaiserinLetterTM in 2002作对下一代设计软件的描述”问。Even then,I fell into the trap of labeling BiM因此，BM这一术语便具有双重意"as a description of the next generation of design义：一个过程，以及一个自动化和software Consequently,the term BIM has外在化这一过程的某些部分的软件come to mean both:a process;and a software技术。technology that automates and extemalizes somepart(s)of that process过程而非技术为了完全澄清。我的观点如Process Over Technology下：BM是百分之百的关于过程To be completely clear.my current view(和过程的变化的和百分之零is that BIM is 100 percent about process (and的关于技术的选择。用设施管理process change)and zero percent about the(FM)领域打个比方，大家似乎choice of technology.By way of analogy,consider对“设施管理”和“计算机辅助设the facility management (FM)field,wherein folks施管理”的区别很清楚。前者代表seem pretty comfortable with the distinction设施管理者所做的事情（一个过between "facility management,"which is the程)，而后者只是设施管理者用来stuff that facility managers do(a process)versus自动完成一些过程的特定的一套软"computer-aided facility management"(CaFM).件技术。which is a specific set of software technologies我衷心希望用“CaBIM°”来that help facility managers automate some of the'r代表自动执行一些过程的软件技processes.术.从而与BM过程（上面定义过As much as I may wish for adoption of的)本身加以区分。此后全球的"Computer-aided Building Infommation ModelingTM1451994-2011 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.All rights reserved.www.cnki.net理素村网Z..ET 方面。也就是在BIM自动运行技术that make it possible to automate...transactions出现之前我们不能完全感知的各个also create a vast overview of an organization's方面。如果我们把BM自动技术的operations...[emphasis added]最后阶段认为是完全的自动化和一It is precisely that "vast overview of...体化.那么我们就会得出类似我在operations"that constitute that aspect of the un-斯坦福大学“一体化设施工程中automated/pre-automated BIM process that we in心”的朋友们称为“虚拟设计和施the design and building industries were unable to工”或VDC这样的概念。那么，如fully perceive before the advent of BIM automation果VDC代表第N度的BIM自动化技technologies.If we take the end state of BIM术.我议把零度的BM自动化技automation technology to be full automation and术（即完全非自动化和非一体化的integration of BIM process,we would arrive atBM过程)称为“旧有的设计与施what my friends at Stanford University's Center for工”或LDCIntegrated Facility Engineering(CIFE)call "VirtualDesign and Construction"or VDC.Then,if VDC一个新框架represents the nth degree of BIM technology尽管我的这篇论文开始就以似automation,I propose that the Oth degree of BIM乎武断的态度来阐述非自动化BIMtechnology automation (i.e.,fully un-automated过程与自动化BM技术的区别，但and un-integrated BIM process)be labeled我希望由我创造的LDC于VDC之间"Legacy Design and Construction"or LDC.的区别而衍生出的分类法不是过于武断的。实际上，我相信这恰恰为A New Framework重新审视BM作为过程和技术提供Although I started this essay with what may了有用的框架.并且帮助理解这两have seemed an arbitrary distinction between极润的连续性17BIM as an un-automated process and BIM as an在此只举一个例子。当多年前automation technology,I hope that the derivative“互操作性国际联盟”(A)重新dichotomy I have developed between LDC命名为“buildingSMART”时.这and VDC seems less arbitrary.In fact.I believe种命名法引出了一系列有趣和具有it to provide a useful new framework for (re-)潜在麻烦的问题。当时.我私下里considering BIM both as process and technology向lAI/buildingSMART的几个领头的and for understanding the continuum between倡导者询问：我和其他实践者如何these poles.知道我们是在"building smart?"To cite just one example,when the我得到的非常滑稽的回答就是：International Alliance for Interoperability (IAl)"我们的做法就是building smartrebranded itself a few years back as the(直译为：聪明地造)。以我buildingSMART Alliance,the new nomenclature非常“直线性的思维方式”，raised some interesting and potentially troubling我又问：这是个二选一的问题questions.At the time,I inquired privately of some吗？如果以你们的标准，我没有leading proponents of LAl/buildingSMART exactlybuilding smart,换言之，我就是在how could or any other practitioner know whetherbuilding stupid?(直译为：愚笨we were,in fact,"building smart?"The consistent地造)当然，这应该是修辞学上reply.offered not entirely facetiously.was to the面的问题，因为我问过的每个1A/effect that "building smart is what WE do."In mybuildingSMART的人.没有人选择often literal-minded fashion,I followed up with,"so回答我的问题。it's a binary choice?If I am not building smart-in从我上面概述的LDC-VDC关联other words.YOUR way-then am I building的内部来看，关于ouildingSMARTstupid?"Clearly this must have been perceived as的问题不一定是个二选一的问题，a rhetorical question.as no one I asked within IAl/乡1994-2011 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.All rights reserved.www.cnki.net蜀Z.JZC.ET 助（我们的BIM比他们的BIM“更proffered tools ("our BIM is 'BIMmier'than加BM")。在未来的专栏中，我their BIM").In future columns I shall endeavor会努力展示更加严谨的、作为过程to present a more rigorous derivation of BIM的BM的衍生物：以及作为技术的as process and the ways in which BIM asBM是如何来帮助实现这一过程的technology derives from and serves to help自动化的。automate that process.注释1由于中国大进地区经常使用的.对于ouding intormaton mod8ng一词的中文翻泽存在偏差.到发裤为止.没有一个公认的中文译文可以宗使用.故在此保留类文原文（及缩写B),2 en.wiopedia.org/wil/Bulding_nformation_Modeing (last accessed June 13.2011).32005年4月在“乔治亚理工大学/菜瑟林来信”的BM休会上所作的主题报告，4此处指he LaiserinLeter,Comparing Pommes and Naranjas°，即"比较苹果与裙子”那篇文章.原文tp/ww.leiserinc0 n/features/s815A8atre01.0o1与中文译刊登在（筑信作）2011年4月期（第143期}的"EM传栏“中P136-139.5此术语的商标所有权声明并非意图以知识产权华利.而是希望能控制其含麻（免得由于油用而导致术语的格调被降低》，不愿引用我们称之为C3BM的米语作注新商标者.可自由采用BM-ready或者B4Cape标识。6马歌尔麦克A汉VcLuhan.M3shsl与昆订-菲與窗Quentin Ficrel所著的（地球村的战争与和平》War and Peace in theGloba Viagel 1968.7苏群播朱伯夫Shoshana Z,o)1988年所著的（智M机尊时代，生产力的末来），Footnotes1.en.wkipediaorg/wki/Buiding_ntormation_Modoing fast aocossed June 13.2011)2.Apnl 2005 GeorgiaTechLaisernlLetter Conference on BM.keynote address3.The LaisernLetter"v 'Comparng Pommes and Naranas"http //ww.lasorn com/leaturos/issue15/eature01.pho)and republshedby Being institue of Archtectural Design (BIAD)in Archicreation.Apri 2011.Number 143.pp 136-1394 Note te asserton of trademark nghts to the termnology.This is not an attempt to monetio the ntelectual property.but to exercisecontrol over the meanng fiost the torms be degraded by indscriminate usage).Those who prefer not to acknowledge trademaked termsare free to label wha:I cal CaBMr as BM-ready or BM-capable5.McLhan,Marshall Quentn Fiore.War and Peace in the Gicba Vilege.19686.Zubol Shoshana.in the Age of the Smart Machine:The Future of Work and Power.1988U作者：杰里菜瑟林，ACADIA的督导委员会委员国际设施管理协会、美国筑师协会(AA)的全美蓝事会成员卡内基麦隆大学校长咨询委员会成员美国退伍军人部《BIM执行导则》的技术编辑《筑实录》，CADence和Cadalyst等杂志的特约编辑和专栏作家翻译：王新，美国XTWO国际有限责任公司合伙人.设计总监，BM战略顾问.美国国家筑科学院(NBS)成员，buildingSMART联盟成员，美国"国家BIM标准”(NBIMS)委员会委员收稿日期：2011年4月原文发表于杰里：莱琴林(Jery Laiserin)先生的网站?A1 SERINLETTER°，网址为www.laiserin.com,本刊与美国的王新(XinWang)和杰里，莱瑟林本人合作，将对杰里·莱瑟林有关BM的系列文章进行全文转藏，以城读者。该文章的英文版权属于杰里菜器林先生，经他本人授权由XTWO公司合伙人、BM战略顺问王新（美国）担任翻译、由《实创作》杂志社在中国编辑出版，该文章所有中英文版未经我社和合作方的允许不得再使用、编辑、出版或再以任何方式发表或转戴在其他媒体上。此文注册为?Jerry Laiserin,2011.版权所有.This article is originally published on Mr.Jerry Laiserin's website "www.laiserin.com".ARCHICREATION has reached an agreement with Xin Wang"U.S"and Jerry Laiserin privately to reprint full text of articles about BIM writtenby Jerry Laiserin.The copyright of the article's English version belongs to Mr.Jerry Laiserin.With authorization from Mr.Jerry Laiserin,the article is translatedinto Chinese by Xin Wang,a partner and BIM strategy consultant of XTWO"U.S.",and published in China by ARCHICREATION.Both Chinese and English versionsof the article aren't allowed to be reused,edited,and published in other mediathrough any other manners without the permission of ARCHICREATION and ourpartners.Copyright Jerry Laiserin,2011.All rights reserved.g1994-2011 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.All rights reserved.www.cnki.net到素前网Z.ZC.ET
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